Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences

The experiment was carried out during the season 2016-2017 in Al-Dora/Al-Buetha village, using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD)with three replications by factorial experiment arrangement . The experiment included two factors, the first: varieties (Turki, Ukrani, Spanish, Syrian, Duth, and local).The second factor: plant densities (47.62, 71.34 thousands plant.hectar-1). Genotypic, phenotypic variation, heritability, co-heritability, correlation coefficient and path analysis was estimated for each density for nine traits: plant height, numbet. of branches.plant-1, no. of leaves plant-1, total dry matter, number of pods.plant-1  , pods weight, number. of seeds.pod-1 , pod length and seed yield.plant-1.The results showed high significant different for all studied traits for both densities. There was a high genetic variation for no. of leaves.plant-1, plant height and total dry matter, that reached (249.91, 129.52,  and 116.65)respectively  in the first density and (327.58, 110,292.01) for second density. The higher value of heritability broad sense appeared in plant height, number of leaves and pod length in first density, for plant height, number of leaves and total dry matter in second density. The higher value of co-heritability appeared between no. of branches.plant-1 and number. of pods.plant-1 and between number of pods.plant-1 and pod weight that reached 1.825and 1.838 in first density .Co-heritability between number of branches plant-1, no. of pods.plant-1 and no. of seeds.pod-1 that reached 1.355 and 1.149 in second density. Genotypic correlation coefficient higher than phenotypic coefficient, this indicates that gene action leads the main role in these traits that plant breeder can rely on the selection genotypes of high production from the faba bean. The higher genetic, phenotypic correlations were for number of leaves and total dry matter with seed yield in first density, and pods weight, total dry matter with seed yield in second density. The path coefficient analysis results showed that the pod weight.plant-1 and pod length had a higher direct effect in first density and for total dry matter and no. of seeds.pod-1 in second density, and thus, these traits can be used as selection criteria under the studied densities for selection of high yield

This study was conducted at Experimental researches Unit " ALL – Bender location" Department of Plant Production during 2016-2017 growing season.   The experiment  included studying the effect the foliar application of Plant extraction  ( T1 control with distill water , T2 Fenugreek extraction 5g L-1  and T3 10g L-1 , T4 black grain extraction 5g L-1 and  T5 10g L-1 , T6 Hibscus extraction 5g L-1  and T7 10g L-1 treatment on    bean  Vicia faba L. cv. Local . Randomized Completely Block Design (R.C.B.D) were used with three replicates. The means were compared according to L.S.D test at the level 0.05.
 
    The results showed the superiority of Hibscus extraction (10 g/ L) in plant height , leaf area , fresh and dry weight of vegetative growth , flowers  setting % , number and weight of pods , fresh and dry weight of seeds per plant reached ( 43.58cm, 41.12Dcm2, 192.54g, 77.04g, 57.45%, 36.02pod, 534.43g, 280.78g and 104.08g) respectively,  5g.L-1 of  Hibiscus extraction treatment was significantly creased the  number of seeds reached130.32seeds.plant-1 .

   Field experiment carried out within 2013/2014 in Altahyria region (35 km north Babylon province) to study the effect of spraying different levels of foliar  fertilizers on plant growth of Vicia Faba .L  local variety, the study included two factors  representing three levels of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer (PHOSS+Super Green) was (0, 10, and  20 ml.L.-1 ) , and three levels of potassium fertilizer with micronutrients KTE was (0, 10, and 20 ml.L-1) and their  interaction , the factorial  experiment  designed  at RCBD with  three replicates. The results summarized as follows:
 
            There are significant differences between the spray levels for both factors and their interaction , the high  levels of  both fertilizer decrease significantly  the early flowering process  and  maturity, increase  plant height , number of  branches, number of leaves , leaf area and the percentage of shoot dry matter  compared to treatment without spraying. The  20 ml.L-1  treatment  of  PHOSS+Super  green fertilizer gave 88.2 day , 114.6 day , 70.60 cm , 7.01 branch , 108.6 leaf , 1063.66 cm2 , and 31.80% respectively . While  20 ml.L-1  treatment  of  KTE fertilizer gave 91.0 day , 113.8 day , 73.47 cm , 6.97 branch , 99.0 leaf , 955.27 cm2 , and 31.30% respectively

   Field experiment was conducted  in Hatamia / Balad ( 2014 ) using C.R.D design with three treatment to investigate and comparing  the effect of  biofertiizer  of     Rhizobium  leguminosarum  and  organic  manure (sheep res) with the recommended chemical fertilization on some growth factors and yield of broad bean. Results showed that  significant differences among organic residues and biofertiizer with the reommanded chemical fertilizer  for all studied parameters. Treatment of biofertiizers was the best on plant height 50.4 cm , number of branches 13.6/ pant , dry weight 16.98 gm , chlorophyll content 54.1mg.g-1 , protein percentage 26.39%, weight of 100 grains 195.46 gm , and total yield 1848.41 kg.ha-1 compared with  reommanded chemical fertilizer  addition , that gave lowest means in the studied parameters respectely ( 41.7 cm, 10.2 /plant, 11.97 gm, 51.6 mg.g-1, 24.13% , 162.27 gm, and 1684.93 kg.ha-1 ).          This studying showed that we can use Bacteria  Rhizobium  leguminosarum  as a biofertilizer  with broad bean to improve growth an productivity.it can be retained  60 – 70 %  from nitrogen fertilizer.