Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences

A laboratory experiment was conducted in Phytochemistry lab., Field Crop Science Department, College of Agriculture, University of Sulaimani  during summer season of July to August, 2009. This factorial experiment conducted in a Randomized Complete Design with three replications, the factors are: the first was two species of wheat,  Bread Wheat Triticum aestivum : Tammuz, Rabiaa, Rizgary, Sham-6 and Aras,  and Durum Wheat Triticum durum: Acsad, Seminto, Crezo, Ovanto and Sham-3 and the second factors was five salt solutions 5000, 10000, 15000, 20000 and 25000 ppm. Various morpho-physiological parameter germination percentage, root length, shoot length, mean germination time were studied. From the results it was observed that Rabbia variety was the mostly drought tolerant among the other bread wheat varieties having significant effect of most germination attributes, Sham-3 variety gave maximum values of germination % and radicle length, while maximum coleoptile length, coefficient of velocity of germination% and minimum days required to germination recorded by Crezo variety. For both bread and durum wheat, the highest values of most germination attributed were obtained by treatment of control. Concerning the interaction between both of bread and durum wheat varieties and NaCl concentration, Tammuz variety with the treatment of control gave maximum values for most characters, while the interaction between Rabbia variety and 20000ppm NaCl recorded minimum days needed to germination. But regarding mean germination time character, interaction of Acsad, and Sham-3 with control treatment gave maximum value.  In which all other values of germination attributes were 0.00 for 10000, 15000, 20000 and 25000ppm salt concentration, because all durum wheat varieties had not tolerant for drought condition.

An experiment was carried out at Seed Technology Laboratory, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad in the year of 2017 to investigate the response of seed germination of four synthetic cultivars of maize (Fajr1, Almaha, Baghdad3 and Sara) under four levels of salt stress by using sodium chloride (0, 1, 4 and 7 dS.m-1). The complete randomized design was used with four replicates. The results showed that the cultivar and the electrical conductivity and their interaction had a significant effect on most studied traits. The highest ratio of variability in the studied traits was related to the effect of electrical conductivity compared to cultivar effect. The cultivar of Baghdad3 was supremacy on other cultivars when gave the highest averages of germination ratio, lengths of plumule and radicle, seedling dry weight and seedling vigour index. There was a significant negative linear relationship between electrical conductivity and the traits that mentioned above. The control treatment gave the highest averages for those traits, which decreased when electrical conductivity was increased and a significant difference was found between all levels. The cultivar of Baghdad3 had supremacy on other cultivars at each level of electrical conductivity in most traits. It can be concluded that the cultivar of Baghdad3 was the best studied cultivars that tolerate salinity during stages of germination and seedling growth. It can be recommended that to use it in saline lands or when irrigated with saline water.